Journal: Neural Regeneration Research
Article Title: Treadmill exercise in combination with acousto-optic and olfactory stimulation improves cognitive function in APP/PS1 mice through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor- and Cygb-associated signaling pathways
doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-23-01681
Figure Lengend Snippet: Multifactor stimulation increases Bcl-2, PARP, and LC3B expression and inhibits Bax and caspase-9 expression in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. (A) Western blot analysis of Bcl-2, PARP, Bax, Caspase-9, and LC3B expression in the mouse hippocampus. β-Actin was used as a loading control. (B, C) Quantification of the band intensities showed that Bcl-2 (B, F (7, 16) = 67.55, P < 0.0001) and PARP (C, F (7, 16) = 71.51, P < 0.0001) were expressed at higher levels in the AD-stim group than in the AD-Ctrl group in both 4- and 6-month-old mice. n = 3 brains per group. (D, E) Quantitative analysis demonstrating that Bax (D, F (7, 16) = 33.40, P < 0.0001) and Caspase-9 (E, F (7, 16) = 118.3, P < 0.0001) expression levels were significantly lower in the AD-Stim group compared with the AD-Ctirl group in both 4- and 6-month-old mice. n = 3 brains per group. (F) LC3B was expressed at significantly higher levels in the AD-Stim group compared with the AD-Ctrl group in both 4- and 6-month-old mice.
Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95, rabbit, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 3409, RRID: AB_1264242), synaptophysin (SYP, mouse, 1:1000, Abcam, Cat# ab8049, RRID: AB_2198854), doublecortin (DCX, rabbit, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 4604, RRID: AB_561007), NeuN (rabbit, 1:1000, Abcam, Cat# ab177487, RRID: AB_2532109), B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2, rabbit, 1:1000, Abcam, Cat# ab182858, RRID: AB_2715467), Bcl2-associated X (Bax, rabbit,1:1000, Abcam, Cat# ab32503, RRID: AB_725631), Caspase-9 (rabbit, 1:1000, Abcam, Cat# ab185719), poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP, mouse, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 9541, RRID: AB_331426), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, rabbit, 1:1000, Abcam, Cat# ab108319, RRID: AB_10862052), phosphorylated Ser473-Akt (p-Ser473-Akt, rabbit, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 4060, RRID: AB_2315049), phosphorylated Thr308-Akt (p-Thr308-Akt, rabbit, 1:500, Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 13038, RRID: AB_2629447), microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain-3B (LC3B, rabbit, 1:2000, Novus Biologicals, Littleton, CO, USA, Cat# NB100-2220, RRID: AB_10003146), Cytoglobin (Cygb, mouse1:2000, Proteintech, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, Cat# 60228-1-Ig, RRID: AB_11182383), glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4, rabbit, 1:1000, Abcam, Cat# ab125066, RRID: AB_10973901), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11, mouse, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 98051, RRID: AB_2800296), yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1, rabbit, 1:1000, Cell Signaling Technology, Cat# 14074, RRID: AB_2650491), and beta-actin (rabbit, 1:10,000, Abcam, Cat# ab8227, RRID: AB_2305186).
Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control